But see Sir Frederick Pollock, ‘Liability for Torts regarding Representatives and you may Servants’ (1885) step 1 Laws Quarterly Feedback 207, 209
(82) Such as, legal compensation schemes that do not require claimants to establish fault on behalf of the newest injurer are ubiquitously inspired ‘no-fault’ techniques: get a hold of, for example, ‘Symposium: Tort Laws–No fault Insurance’ (1989) twenty six North park Law Opinion 977.
(83) Find Cane, ‘Fault and you will Tight Liability having Damage from inside the Tort Law’, significantly more than letter 8, 187-9; Cane, Responsibility in law and you will Morality, significantly more than letter 8, 82-4.
(84) In fact, there can be cause to trust you to definitely underneath the generally defunct popular laws types of tight responsibility, numerous those people kept purely liable was basically indeed at fault, as these instances of rigorous responsibility essentially operate in situations where defendants had engaged in unusually harmful situations: discover John Fleming, What the law states regarding Torts (9th ed, 1998) 369.
Mention, not, you to McHugh J after recanted his statement after the Highest Court’s choice when you look at the Bankstown Foundry Pry Ltd v Braistina 1986) 160 CLR 301: Liftronic Pty Ltd v Unver (2001) 179 ALR 321, 329-29
(86) Come across, eg, Bugge v Brown (1919) twenty six CLR 110; Canadian Pacific Rail Co v Lockhart Air-conditioning 591 ; Phoenix People Inc v Cavenagh (1996) twenty five MVR 143.
(90) Kondis v Condition Transport Authority (1986) 154 CLR 672, 687 (Mason J). Select basically Glanville Williams, ‘Liability to have Independent Contractors’ (1956) fourteen Cambridge Law Log 180; J P Swanton, ‘Non-Delegable Requirements: Accountability towards Negligence from Independent Contractors’ (Pt 1) (1991) 4 Log of Deal Law 183; J P Swanton, ‘Non-Delegable Commitments: Responsibility towards Negligence out-of Separate Contracts’ (Pt 2) (1992) 5 Log out of Package Legislation twenty-six.
(93) Select, such as for example, Jones v Bartlett (2000) 205 CLR 166, 221 (Gummow and you may Hayne J); Scott v Davis (2000) 204 CLR 333, 417 (Gummow J); The new Southern area Wales v Lepore (2003) 212 CLR 511, 599 (Gummow and Hayne JJ).
See also Sir Harry Gibbs, ‘Living with Risk in Our Society’ (Occasional Paper, Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, 2002) < Kieran Tapsell, 'Turning the Negligence Juggernaut' (2002) 76 Australian Law Journal 581, 583
(97) Wilsons Clyde Coal Co Ltd v English Air-con 57, 86-8 (Lord M); Albrighton v Knight in shining armor Alfred Health dos NSWLR 542, 557 (Reynolds JA), 547 (Pledge JA agreeing), 565 (Hutley JA agreeing); McDermid v Nash Dredging Reclamation Co Ltd Air conditioning 906, 919 (Lord Brandon); Brodribb Sawmilling Co Ply Ltd v Grey (1985) 160 CLR sixteen, thirty two (Mason J); Commonwealth v Introvigne (1981) 150 CLR 258, 269-70 (Mason J).
(98) It might be a dramatic exaggeration so you’re able to say that so it height possess occurred ‘across the brand new board’. For example, one to context where fault requirement are basically live and you will really (about presently) is the liability escort girl Birmingham of local bodies to possess neglect: find Brodie v Singleton Shire Council (2001) 206 CLR 512, 527-8 (Gleeson CJ), 577-82 (Gaudron, McHugh and you may Gummow JJ), 605-seven (Kirby J), 639 (Callinan J); Burwood Council v Byrnes NSWCA 343 (Unreported, Handley, Beazley and you will Hodgson JJA, ] Aust Torts Records [paragraph] 81-688, 64 543 (Handley JA), 63 547-8 (Promote AJA); Richmond Valley Council v Reputation Aust Torts Account [paragraph] 81-679, 69 352-step three, (69) 361-dos (Heydon JA); Wilkinson v Laws Process of law Ltd NSWCA 196 (Unreported, Meagher and Heydon JJA and you may Rolfe AJA, ) -, – (Heydon JA).
(99) One of the best identified comments in connection with this is the fact out of McHugh JA during the Bankstown Foundry Ply Ltd v Braistina Aust Torts Profile [paragraph] 80-713 whom asserted that ‘[t]hroughout the typical rules away from negligence . the grade of proper care necessary from an effective accused have moved personal to the border of strict liability’: within 69 127. Regardless of if McHugh JA’s statement is reproved on the appeal to the new Large Legal once the ‘unfortunate for its tendency to mislead’: Bankstown Foundry Pty Ltd v Braistina (1986) 160 CLR 301, 307 (Mason, Wilson and you may Dawson JJ), it has been recommended someplace else to the numerous hours: find, including, Inverell Civil Council v Pennington Aust Torts Profile [paragraph] 81-234, 62 406, in which Clarke JA mentioned that McHugh JA’s feedback correctly reflected new modern laws.